What is the main function of the ventral visual pathway?

The ventral visual pathway, often referred to as the "what" pathway, is primarily responsible for object recognition and form representation. This pathway extends from the occipital lobe to the temporal lobe and is involved in identifying and categorizing objects based on their shape, color, and texture. It plays a crucial role in enabling individuals to recognize faces, read text, and understand the characteristics of different objects they encounter.

The focus of this pathway on object recognition is essential for various aspects of perception, such as distinguishing between different items and understanding their significance in a visual context. This ability to recognize and categorize forms allows individuals to interact appropriately with their environment and makes sense of the visual stimuli they encounter daily.